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X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

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X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
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Related Experiment Video

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Biochemical and Structural Characterization of the Carbohydrate Transport Substrate-binding-protein SP0092
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Descriptors for High Throughput in Structural Materials Development.

Matthias Steinbacher1,2, Gabriela Alexe1,3, Michael Baune1,4

  • 1Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Badgasteiner Straße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.

High-Throughput
|December 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing new structural materials is resource-intensive. This study proposes fast deformation techniques and characterization methods for micro-samples to accelerate the discovery of advanced materials with tailored microstructures.

Keywords:
DSCXRDcompressiondescriptordilatometryhigh throughputlaser-induced shock wavemeasuring instrumentparticle-oriented peeningpredictorshot peeningspecklesteelstructural materialsuniversal micro-hardness testing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Conventional methods for developing structural materials with advanced mechanical properties are time-consuming and resource-intensive.
  • High-throughput methods are established for functional materials but not for structural materials, which depend heavily on microstructure.
  • Current characterization techniques, like micro-hardness testing, are limited in assessing characteristic microstructures in small sample volumes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations in developing novel structural materials.
  • To introduce efficient methods for characterizing microstructural states of small material samples.
  • To enable faster screening and development of structural materials by mapping microstructural descriptors to material properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing alternative and rapid deformation techniques specifically designed for spherical micro-samples.
  • Combining these deformation methods with established characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and micro-magnetic analysis.
  • Focusing on obtaining microstructural descriptors rather than direct material properties in the initial characterization phase.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility of using fast deformation techniques on micro-samples.
  • Showcased the ability of classical characterization methods (XRD, DSC, micro-magnetic) to yield valuable microstructural descriptors from these micro-samples.
  • Established a pathway to correlate these descriptors with macroscopic material properties.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed methodology offers a significantly faster and more resource-efficient approach to structural material development.
  • This method allows for the characterization of microstructural states crucial for determining mechanical properties.
  • It paves the way for accelerated discovery and optimization of advanced structural materials.