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Research progresses of molecular mechanism of pyroptosis and its related diseases

Weihua Gong1, Ying Shi2, Jingjing Ren1

  • 1Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.

Immunobiology
|December 12, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pyroptosis, an inflammatory programmed cell death, involves Caspase-1/11 and Gasdermin proteins forming cell membrane pores. This cell death pathway is linked to various diseases, making its mechanisms crucial for study.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pyroptosis is a recently identified form of programmed cell death characterized by inflammatory responses.
  • It is critically regulated by Caspase-1 (classic pathway) and Caspase-11 in mice (non-canonical pathway), or Caspase-4/-5 in humans.
  • The Gasdermin protein family plays a central role in mediating pyroptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms underlying pyroptosis.
  • To discuss the association between pyroptosis and the pathogenesis of various diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on pyroptosis.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involving caspases and Gasdermin.
  • Examination of disease relevance and clinical implications.

Main Results:

  • Cleavage of Gasdermin by inflammatory caspases releases a pore-forming N-terminal fragment.
  • This fragment induces membrane permeabilization, triggering pyroptotic cell death.
  • Pyroptosis is implicated in the development and progression of several diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Pyroptosis is a caspase-dependent inflammatory cell death process mediated by Gasdermin.
  • Understanding pyroptosis mechanisms is essential for elucidating its role in disease.
  • Further research into pyroptosis may offer therapeutic targets for related diseases.
Keywords:
CaspaseGasderminPyroptosis

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