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Diffusion tensor imaging in neonatal encephalopathy: a systematic review.

Megan Dibble1,2, Mary Isabel O'Dea3, Tim Hurley3

  • 1Cognitive Systems Group, Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland dibblem@tcd.ie.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|December 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can detect white matter changes in newborns with neonatal encephalopathy (NE). Early DTI findings in specific brain tracts correlate with neurodevelopmental outcomes, aiding in prognosis.

Keywords:
MRIdiffusion weighted imagingneonatal encephalopathysystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a serious condition requiring early assessment.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a valuable tool for evaluating brain injury in neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific white matter tracts altered in NE neonates using DTI.
  • To investigate the prognostic ability of DTI in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes for NE infants.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies using Medline and Cochrane Database.
  • Inclusion of studies with diffusion data from term-born neonates with NE.

Main Results:

  • 19 studies analyzed, comparing NE neonates to healthy controls.
  • Restricted diffusion observed in the posterior limb of the internal capsule and corpus callosum (genu and splenium).
  • Restricted diffusion correlated with adverse outcomes in follow-up studies.

Conclusions:

  • Early DTI in key white matter tracts can quantify NE-related brain damage.
  • DTI measures can predict neurodevelopmental outcomes before pseudonormalization.
  • DTI can assess treatment effectiveness in NE.