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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

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Screening for Phytoestrogens using a Cell-based Estrogen Receptor β Reporter Assay
Published on: June 7, 2020
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Phytoestrogens and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Connecticut.
Qian Wang1,2, Huang Huang2, Nan Zhao3
1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Summary
High coumestrol intake may increase thyroid cancer risk, particularly for microcarcinomas. Moderate genistein intake appears protective against thyroid macrocarcinomas in women.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Oncology
Background:
- Limited research exists on phytoestrogens (PE) and thyroid cancer risk.
- Previous studies yielded inconsistent findings regarding PE and thyroid cancer.
- Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds with potential hormonal effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between specific phytoestrogen intake and thyroid cancer risk.
- To explore potential differential effects of phytoestrogens on thyroid microcarcinomas and macrocarcinomas.
Main Methods:
- Population-based case-control study in Connecticut (2010-2011).
- Included 387 thyroid cancer cases and 433 controls with specific PE data.
- Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for confounders.
Main Results:
- Elevated thyroid cancer risk linked to moderate/high coumestrol intake (OR 2.48-2.38), especially in microcarcinomas.
- Decreased risk of papillary macrocarcinomas observed with moderate genistein intake in women (OR 0.26).
Conclusions:
- High coumestrol intake may elevate thyroid cancer risk, particularly for microcarcinomas.
- Moderate genistein intake shows a protective effect for female thyroid macrocarcinomas.
- Distinguishing between microcarcinomas and macrocarcinomas is crucial for future thyroid cancer etiology research.
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