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Related Concept Videos

Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

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Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules...
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Halogens

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Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are nonmetals. At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine a solid. Astatine is a highly unstable radioactive element, so currently, most of its properties are unknown due to its short half-life. Tennessine is a synthetic element also predicted to be in this group. 
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
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Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

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Structure and Bonding
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
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Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

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Perfluorophenyl Ether and Related Polymers.

Walter J Pummer, Leo A Wall

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    |December 14, 2019
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Syntheses of perfluorophenyl ethers and poly(perfluorophenylene ethers) were achieved using potassium pentafluorophenoxide and hexafluorobenzene. Aqueous systems proved most effective for producing various perfluorinated compounds and polymers with tunable molecular weights.

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    Area of Science:

    • Fluoropolymer Chemistry
    • Organic Synthesis
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Perfluorinated aromatic ethers and polymers are valuable in advanced materials.
    • Understanding their synthesis is crucial for developing new applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the synthesis of perfluorophenyl ether and poly(perfluorophenylene ethers).
    • To investigate the influence of solvents and reaction conditions on product formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Reaction of potassium pentafluorophenoxide with hexafluorobenzene.
    • Exploration of various solvents (DMF, THF, methanol, water) and conditions.
    • Isolation and characterization of products using spectroscopy (MS, IR, NMR) and chemical analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Aqueous systems facilitated efficient synthesis of perfluorinated ethers and polymers.
    • Identified products include perfluorophenyl ether, bis(pentafluorophenoxy)tetrafluorobenzene, and tetrafluororesorcinol derivatives.
    • Synthesized poly(perfluorophenylene ethers) with molecular weights up to 12,500 and a crosslinked variant with rubbery properties above 90 °C.

    Conclusions:

    • Aqueous reaction media significantly enhance the reactivity for synthesizing perfluorinated aromatic ethers and polymers.
    • The study provides a method for producing poly(perfluorophenylene ethers) with controlled molecular weights and properties.