Blind Spoofing GNSS Constellation Detection Using a Multi-Antenna Snapshot Receiver

Area of Science:

• Navigation Systems
• Signal Processing
• Cybersecurity

Background:

• Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals are vulnerable to spoofing, which compromises positioning accuracy and security.
• Existing detection methods require improvement to effectively counter sophisticated spoofing attacks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a multi-antenna snapshot receiver for detecting GNSS signal spoofing.
• To analyze spatial similarities in array steering vectors for spoofing detection.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a multi-antenna receiver to capture signal snapshots.
• Analyzed spatial similarities of array steering vectors using subset methods, Eigen-decomposition, and clustering algorithms.
• Developed system-level detectors based on these analyses.

Main Results:

• Successfully detected spoofed GNSS satellite constellations under controlled conditions.
• System-level detectors demonstrated superior performance compared to pair-wise methods.
• Achieved perfect detection in a controlled test setup, indicating high potential.

Conclusions:

• The multi-antenna approach provides a viable method for detecting GNSS spoofing attacks.
• Identified key detection metrics and features for blind spoofing detection using antenna arrays.
• Findings pave the way for advanced multi-detector systems for enhanced navigation security.