Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

238.5K
Overview
238.5K
Test Cross01:39

Test Cross

43.7K
Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Humans and other diploid organisms inherit two alleles of every gene, one from each parent.
43.7K
Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

80.6K
Overview
80.6K
Heritability01:06

Heritability

538
Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
538
Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

25.1K
Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
25.1K
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

21.3K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
21.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Scalar methods to deregress and split genomic predictions, and associated behavior of simple regressions, for later use in combined prediction and validations.

Journal of dairy science·2025
Same author

Association of sire net merit with farm profitability for Minnesota dairy farms.

Journal of dairy science·2025
Same author

Inheritance of bovine lymphocyte intestinal retention defect disorder affects Holstein production performance and longevity.

Journal of dairy science·2025
Same author

All-breed single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor evaluations for fertility traits in US dairy cattle.

Journal of dairy science·2024
Same author

Single-step genomic predictions for crossbred Holstein and Jersey cattle in the United States.

JDS communications·2024
Same author

New mutation within a common haplotype is associated with calf muscle weakness in Holsteins.

Journal of dairy science·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Transcriptome Profiling of In-Vivo Produced Bovine Pre-implantation Embryos Using Two-color Microarray Platform
09:04

Transcriptome Profiling of In-Vivo Produced Bovine Pre-implantation Embryos Using Two-color Microarray Platform

Published on: January 30, 2017

8.1K

Genomic predictions for crossbred dairy cattle.

P M VanRaden1, M E Tooker1, T C S Chud2

  • 1USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.

Journal of Dairy Science
|December 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Accurate genomic predictions for crossbred dairy cattle are now possible using breed base representation (BBR) weighting. This method improves selection accuracy for crossbred animals, benefiting commercial herd management and breeding programs.

Keywords:
crossbreedinggenomic evaluationimputationmultiple breed

More Related Videos

Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR
10:16

Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR

Published on: February 14, 2016

10.3K
Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions
07:03

Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions

Published on: November 6, 2016

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Transcriptome Profiling of In-Vivo Produced Bovine Pre-implantation Embryos Using Two-color Microarray Platform
09:04

Transcriptome Profiling of In-Vivo Produced Bovine Pre-implantation Embryos Using Two-color Microarray Platform

Published on: January 30, 2017

8.1K
Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR
10:16

Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR

Published on: February 14, 2016

10.3K
Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions
07:03

Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions

Published on: November 6, 2016

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Animal Genetics
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Dairy Science

Background:

  • Genomic evaluations are crucial for both purebred and crossbred populations in commercial dairy farming.
  • Dairy farmers invested heavily in genotyping crossbred animals before official genomic evaluations were available, necessitating new prediction tools.
  • Accurate imputation of genotypes for crossbred animals requires a reference population that includes purebreds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate accurate genomic prediction methods for crossbred dairy cattle.
  • To assess the accuracy of genomic predictions using breed base representation (BBR) weighting.
  • To compare the performance of crossbred genomic predictions against traditional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Imputed genotypes for 6,296 crossbred animals using reference populations of either 3,119 ancestors or 834,367 genotyped animals.
  • Estimated genomic breed composition from 60,671 markers, adjusting percentages to derive breed base representation (BBR).
  • Calculated crossbred genomic predictions as averages of pure breed marker effects weighted by BBR, with effects estimated on an all-breed scale.

Main Results:

  • Genomic predictions weighted by BBR were more accurate for crossbreds than the average of parents' breeding values.
  • BBR-weighted predictions were also slightly more accurate than predictions using only the predominant breed's information.
  • For purebreds, single-trait predictions were as accurate as multi-trait predictions when allele effects were treated as correlated across breeds.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides accurate genomic predictions for crossbred dairy cattle.
  • Breed base representation (BBR) weighting enhances the accuracy of genomic selection in crossbred populations.
  • The implementation of crossbred genomic predicted transmitting abilities aids producers in breeding program management and heifer selection.