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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
172
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

135
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

284
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Bulimia Nervosa01:30

Bulimia Nervosa

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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
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Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

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Obesity, dieting, and multiple sclerosis.

R D Russell1, A Langer-Gould2, E G Gonzales3

  • 1School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|December 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Despite high obesity rates in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, those with MS were no more likely to diet than controls. Improved nutrition education is recommended for MS patients to encourage healthy dietary changes.

Keywords:
Dietary behaviorDietary changesMS Sunshine StudyMultiple sclerosisNutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Obesity is prevalent in the United States, posing risks for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
  • Obesity is linked to increased MS relapse rates, comorbidities, and disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in individuals with MS.
  • To compare dieting behaviors between MS patients and controls.
  • To identify predictors of dieting in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A matched case-control study, the MS Sunshine Study, analyzed 470 MS cases and 519 controls in Southern California.
  • Prevalence of overweight and obesity was assessed.
  • Diet adoption for nutrition or weight loss and its predictors were reported.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 32% of participants were overweight and 37% were obese.
  • MS cases and controls showed similar rates of adopting specific diets (10% vs. 11%).
  • Obesity, younger age, female sex, and non-Hispanic ethnicity were associated with dieting.

Conclusions:

  • High rates of overweight/obesity exist in MS patients, yet they do not diet more frequently than controls.
  • Obesity negatively impacts MS prognosis, highlighting a gap in dietary intervention.
  • Enhanced nutrition education may facilitate healthier dietary choices for individuals with MS.