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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
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The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Colloidal quantum dot molecules manifesting quantum coupling at room temperature.

Jiabin Cui1,2, Yossef E Panfil1,2, Somnath Koley1,2

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Semiconductor nanocrystals act as artificial atoms, forming coupled nanocrystal molecules. This breakthrough enables new possibilities in displays, sensing, and quantum technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Quantum Chemistry

Background:

  • Atomic coupling is fundamental to molecular chemistry.
  • Semiconductor nanocrystals offer tunable properties for novel material design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and characterize coupled nanocrystal molecules using semiconductor building blocks.
  • To investigate the structural and electronic properties of fused nanocrystal dimers.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals.
  • Formation of nanocrystal dimers via constrained oriented attachment.
  • Atomic resolution analysis of nanocrystal fusion facets.
  • Quantum mechanical simulations and single nanoparticle spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of various crystal fusion scenarios at atomic resolution.
  • Observation of band gap redshift due to coherent coupling and wave-function hybridization.
  • Demonstration of quantum mechanical tunneling and energy transfer in coupled dimers.

Conclusions:

  • Established nanocrystal chemistry for constructing diverse coupled molecules.
  • Highlighted relevance for applications in displays, sensing, biological tagging, and quantum technologies.