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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

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Discourse in aging: Narrative and Persuasive.

Zahra Babaei1, Zahra Ghayoumi-Anaraki2, Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari3

  • 1MSc, Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Dementia & Neuropsychologia
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Aging impacts language abilities, affecting narrative and persuasive discourse coherence and cohesion in older adults. Understanding these changes is crucial for clinical practice and distinguishing normal aging from neurological disorders.

Keywords:
agingdiscoursenarrationpersuasion

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The growing elderly population presents significant social, economic, and health challenges.
  • Aging is associated with cognitive changes that can affect language processing and production.
  • Language is integral to human interaction, making the study of age-related language differences vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in narrative and persuasive discourse.
  • To evaluate how aging influences language capabilities in different discourse genres.

Main Methods:

  • Examined narrative discourse from 91 adults and persuasive discourse from 92 adults.
  • Participants were aged 19-75 years and divided into four age groups.
  • Analyzed discourse for coherence and cohesion across age groups and genres.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant differences in coherence were found between the elderly group and younger groups for both narrative and persuasive discourse.
  • A significant difference in cohesion was observed between the elderly and the youngest group for narrative discourse only.
  • These findings indicate that aging affects discourse quality and that the type of discourse task matters.

Conclusions:

  • Discourse is demonstrably influenced by the aging process and the specific type of discourse task.
  • Clinicians must consider the linguistic needs of older adults in their programs.
  • Findings aid in differentiating normal aging-related discourse changes from those associated with neurological conditions like dementia or aphasia.