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A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Uterine mesenchymal tumours: recent advances
Amir Momeni-Boroujeni1, Sarah Chiang1
1Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Histopathology
|December 18, 2019
Summary
Recent molecular studies reveal new uterine sarcoma subtypes, including those with BCOR, NTRK, COL1A-PDGFRB, SMARCA4, PLAG1, PGR, GREB1, and ESR1 genetic abnormalities, expanding tumor classification beyond smooth muscle and endometrial stromal neoplasms.
Area of Science:
- Gynecologic Pathology
- Molecular Pathology
- Oncology
Background:
- Uterine mesenchymal tumors were historically categorized into smooth muscle and endometrial stromal neoplasms.
- Recent advancements in molecular techniques have uncovered novel tumor entities with distinct genetic profiles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the histological and immunophenotypical features of newly identified uterine sarcoma subtypes.
- To highlight the underlying genetic abnormalities that define these novel lesions.
Main Methods:
- Application of molecular techniques for genetic analysis.
- Histopathological examination of uterine tumors.
- Immunophenotypical characterization of tumor cells.
Main Results:
- Identification of high-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas with BCOR genetic abnormalities.
- Discovery of fibrosarcoma-like uterine sarcomas with NTRK rearrangements and COL1A-PDGFRB fusions.
- Characterization of undifferentiated uterine sarcomas with SMARCA4 mutations.
- Detection of novel PLAG1 and PGR fusions in myxoid and epithelioid leiomyosarcomas.
- Identification of GREB1 and ESR1 rearrangements in uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors.
Conclusions:
- Molecular classification is crucial for accurately diagnosing uterine mesenchymal tumors.
- Newly discovered genetic abnormalities define distinct uterine sarcoma subtypes.
- Understanding these genetic alterations aids in precise diagnosis and potentially targeted therapies.
