Why do we move to the beat? A multi-scale approach, from physical principles to brain dynamics

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biomechanics
• Dynamical Systems Theory

Background:

• Auditory-motor synchronization relies on neural networks (cortical areas, basal ganglia, cerebellum) for rhythm perception and movement.
• Neuronal activity entrainment by external rhythms is crucial for action-perception coupling.
• Wearable robotics reveal mechanical entrainment in the locomotor system.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a unified theoretical framework for externally driven rhythmic entrainment in biological systems.
• To integrate neural and physical levels of oscillatory activity modeling.
• To explore the mechanisms of multi-level entrainment during locomotion.

Main Methods:

• Reviewing core questions on biological oscillators' dynamic properties.
• Examining the neural bases of auditory-motor synchronization.
• Utilizing a dynamical systems approach to model brain and locomotor activities.

Main Results:

• A unified framework is proposed for understanding neural and mechanical entrainment.
• The framework integrates oscillatory activities at both neural and physical levels.
• Personalized auditory stimulation is illustrated as an application.

Conclusions:

• Modeling brain and locomotor activities as dynamical systems offers a unified view of rhythmic entrainment.
• This framework aids in understanding auditory-motor synchronization.
• Applications include gait rehabilitation for Parkinson disease and runner kinematics manipulation.