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Chylothorax: complication attributed to dasatinib use.

Abdullah Al-Abcha1, Mian Harris Iftikhar2, Fawzi Abu Rous3

  • 1Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA alabchaa@msu.edu.

BMJ Case Reports
|December 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dasatinib, a treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia, can cause chylothorax, a rare pleural effusion. Switching to nilotinib resolved the patient's symptoms and pleural effusions.

Keywords:
dasatinibhaematology (drugs and medicines)respiratory medicineunwanted effects / adverse reactions

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • A 63-year-old woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), COPD, and heart failure presented with dyspnea.
  • Her medical history included treatment with dasatinib for CML.

Observation:

  • Chest imaging revealed a large right-sided pleural effusion.
  • Echocardiogram showed right ventricular dilation and elevated systolic pressure.
  • Thoracentesis yielded fluid consistent with chylothorax, providing symptomatic relief.

Findings:

  • Chylothorax was diagnosed and attributed to dasatinib therapy.
  • Pleural fluid analysis confirmed chylothorax.
  • Switching dasatinib to nilotinib led to the resolution of pleural effusions.

Implications:

  • Dasatinib may be associated with chylothorax in patients with CML.
  • Nilotinib represents a potential alternative treatment for CML patients experiencing dasatinib-induced chylothorax.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering drug-induced side effects in patients with unexplained pleural effusions.