Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

610
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
610
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

4.7K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
4.7K
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

807
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
807
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

1.9K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
1.9K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

4.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.2K
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

13.6K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
13.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Monitoring Endocrine Nursing in South Asia (MENSA).

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2024
Same author

Defining and Diagnosing Obesity in India: A Call for Advocacy and Action.

Journal of obesity·2023
Same author

Healthcare Practitioners' Perspective of Prevailing Awareness on Diabetes Complications: A Questionnaire-Based Pan-India Study.

Cureus·2023
Same author

Bariatric Triage: Weight Loss As A Tool For Therapeutic Decision Making.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2023
Same author

An Expert Group Consensus Statement on "Approach and Management of Prediabetes in India".

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2023
Same author

The etiopathogenesis and management of obesity: The quintessential quincunx.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2023
Same journal

Predictors of Altmetric Score in Top-Cited Orthopaedic Articles: A Bibliometric Analysis.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2026
Same journal

Carbon footprint of waste generated in orthopaedic cases in Pakistan: a pilot descriptive study.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2026
Same journal

Enhancing quotation accuracy assessment with Chatpdf - a game-changer for a century-old conundrum.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2026
Same journal

Barriers to implementing simulation-based surgical training for improving quality and safety in developing countries: A short communication.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2026
Same journal

Intraoperative Adverse Event Reporting in Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery: A Narrative Review on the Application of ClassIntra.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2026
Same journal

The Impact of Mortality and Morbidity Meetings on Quality Improvement and Patient Safety.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Home-Based Monitor for Gait and Activity Analysis
07:24

Home-Based Monitor for Gait and Activity Analysis

Published on: August 8, 2019

7.2K

Activity day rules in diabetes.

Sanjay Kalra1, Jubbin Jacob2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|December 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with diabetes can safely engage in exercise and sports by following simple activity day guidelines. These rules cover self-care, nutrition, medication adjustments, and overall health for enjoyable participation.

Keywords:
Exercise, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, sports, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes.

More Related Videos

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli
08:01

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli

Published on: August 12, 2016

9.4K
Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

19.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Home-Based Monitor for Gait and Activity Analysis
07:24

Home-Based Monitor for Gait and Activity Analysis

Published on: August 8, 2019

7.2K
A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli
08:01

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli

Published on: August 12, 2016

9.4K
Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

19.2K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetes Management

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus requires careful management, especially concerning physical activity.
  • Participation in sports and exercise offers health benefits but poses risks for individuals with diabetes.
  • Existing guidelines for exercise in diabetes may not cover all aspects of safe participation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide simple rules for individuals with diabetes participating in exercise and sports.
  • To outline essential precautions for safe physical activity.
  • To offer a framework for individualized recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical practices regarding diabetes and exercise.
  • Development of a practical framework for 'activity day' management.
  • Inclusion of considerations for self-care, nutrition, and medication.

Main Results:

  • Established basic precautions for self-care, carbohydrate intake, and insulin/non-insulin medication adjustments.
  • Addressed multisystem health considerations for safe exercise.
  • Created a template for personalized exercise recommendations.

Conclusions:

  • Simple guidelines can facilitate safe and enjoyable participation in sports for people with diabetes.
  • Individualized recommendations are key to managing diabetes during physical activity.
  • Proactive management of diabetes ensures the benefits of exercise can be realized.