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In automotive engineering, car suspension systems often employ Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers to enhance performance. PD controllers are utilized to adjust the damping force in response to road conditions. A controller, acting as an amplifier with a constant gain, demonstrates proportional control, with output directly mirroring input.
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Updated: Jan 1, 2026

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[Process Control and Operation Optimization of PN-SAD Coupling Process Based on SBR-ABR].

Chong-Jun Chen1,2,3,4, Min Zhang1, Ying Jiang1

  • 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.

Huan Jing Ke Xue= Huanjing Kexue
|December 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) system for deep nitrogen and carbon removal. Phase 3, with added carbon source, achieved 95% total nitrogen removal, demonstrating the effectiveness of the PN-SAD process.

Keywords:
SBR-ABRanaerobic ammonium oxidationcontribution efficiencydenitrificationnitrogen and carbon removal

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Wastewater Treatment
  • Microbial Ecology

Context:

  • Conventional wastewater treatment struggles with deep nitrogen and carbon removal.
  • Sequencing batch reactors (SBR) and anaerobic baffled reactors (ABR) are common in wastewater treatment.
  • Optimizing combined SBR-ABR systems for enhanced nutrient removal is crucial.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a combined SBR-ABR system for deep nitrogen and carbon removal using the partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation combined denitrification (PN-SAD) process.
  • To evaluate the impact of different operating phases and carbon source addition on treatment efficiency.
  • To determine optimal conditions for achieving high total nitrogen (TN) removal.

Summary:

  • The study explored three operating phases of an SBR-ABR system for PN-SAD.
  • Initial phases showed limited TN removal (<80%).
  • Phase 3, incorporating an external carbon source into the ABR, significantly improved performance, achieving <6 mg·L⁻¹ TN effluent and 95% TN removal efficiency.

Impact:

  • The optimized PN-SAD process in the SBR-ABR system demonstrates a viable method for deep nitrogen and carbon removal from wastewater.
  • Achieving high TN removal efficiency (<6 mg·L⁻¹ effluent) meets stringent environmental discharge standards.
  • This research provides a basis for designing advanced wastewater treatment systems for enhanced nutrient recovery and pollution control.