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Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Based Nanofibrous Electrospun Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications
Marta A Teixeira1, M Teresa P Amorim1, Helena P Felgueiras1
1Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
Polymers
|December 22, 2019
Summary
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) electrospun scaffolds offer a promising, eco-friendly solution for tissue engineering. These PVA nanofibrous scaffolds show significant advancements across various biomedical applications, including bone, cartilage, and skin regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Tissue engineering aims to create functional scaffolds for tissue repair and organ replacement, reducing the need for transplantation.
- Electrospinning is a key technique for fabricating fibrous scaffolds mimicking the native extracellular matrix.
- Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is an attractive polymer for tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and use of aqueous solvents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in tissue engineering.
- To highlight recent advancements and applications of PVA scaffolds in various biomedical fields.
- To review electrospinning techniques, PVA stability, and alternative crosslinking methods.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of three-dimensional scaffolds using the electrospinning technique with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA).
- Dissolution of PVA in environmentally friendly aqueous solutions.
- Review of literature on PVA-based scaffolds for biomedical applications.
Main Results:
- PVA electrospun scaffolds demonstrate excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical properties.
- Significant achievements were noted in bone, cartilage, skin, vascular, neural, and corneal tissue engineering using PVA scaffolds.
- The review covers electrospinning process parameters, PVA stability, and eco-friendly crosslinking alternatives to glutaraldehyde.
Conclusions:
- PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds represent a versatile and sustainable platform for diverse tissue engineering applications.
- The use of aqueous solvents for PVA processing aligns with environmentally friendly manufacturing principles in regenerative medicine.
- Further research into crosslinking strategies can enhance the performance and applicability of PVA scaffolds.
