Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

24.5K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
24.5K
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

17.7K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
17.7K
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

4.5K
4.5K
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

8.7K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
8.7K
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

3.7K
3.7K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

9.2K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
9.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>CEBP</i> and <i>ZEB2</i> alterations define three distinct subtypes of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

HemaSphere·2026
Same author

The Dance of Promoters and Enhancers in Gene Regulation: Fast or Slow, Entwined or Distant?

Journal of molecular biology·2025
Same author

Transcription processes compete with loop extrusion to homogenize promoter and enhancer dynamics.

Science advances·2024
Same author

Gene-to-gene coordinated regulation of transcription and alternative splicing by 3D chromatin remodeling upon NF-κB activation.

Nucleic acids research·2024
Same author

Transcription induces context-dependent remodeling of chromatin architecture during differentiation.

PLoS biology·2023
Same author

Competition between transcription and loop extrusion modulates promoter and enhancer dynamics.

Research square·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C
09:32

Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C

Published on: October 14, 2022

4.3K

Defining Functionally Relevant Spatial Chromatin Domains: It is a TAD Complicated.

Natalia Sikorska1, Tom Sexton1

  • 1Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France; CNRS UMR7104, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France; INSERM U1258, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France; University of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch, France.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|December 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Topologically associated domains (TADs) organize chromosomes, but their exact role in gene regulation remains unclear. Recent research challenges existing models, suggesting a more complex relationship between chromatin structure and transcription.

Keywords:
CTCFHi-Cboundariesloop extrusiontopologically associated domain (TAD)

More Related Videos

A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains
07:34

A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains

Published on: August 23, 2019

5.7K
Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates
09:13

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Published on: May 12, 2023

4.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C
09:32

Deciphering High-Resolution 3D Chromatin Organization via Capture Hi-C

Published on: October 14, 2022

4.3K
A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains
07:34

A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains

Published on: August 23, 2019

5.7K
Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates
09:13

Author Spotlight: Getting an A with the 3Cs: Chromosome Conformation Capture for Undergraduates

Published on: May 12, 2023

4.2K

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Chromosome conformation capture methods reveal that metazoan chromosomes are organized into topologically associated domains (TADs).
  • TAD organization correlates with genome function markers like histone modifications and gene expression.
  • Disruptions in TAD structures are linked to aberrant gene expression and associated pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complex relationship between TADs and gene transcription.
  • To critically evaluate current models explaining TAD formation and function.
  • To address the discrepancy between TAD disruption effects and observed transcriptomic changes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent genetic perturbation studies.
  • Analysis of existing literature on chromatin topology and gene expression.
  • Perspective-based discussion of current research findings.

Main Results:

  • Complete disruption of TADs shows surprisingly mild effects on the transcriptome.
  • Existing 'rules' for TAD definition, maintenance, and reorganization are insufficient.
  • The precise role of chromatin topology in regulating most gene expression is still largely unknown.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between TADs and transcription is more complex than previously understood.
  • Current models do not fully explain the observed phenomena.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms defining and maintaining TADs and their regulatory roles.