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The eagle jugular syndrome.

Paolo Zamboni1, Alba Scerrati2, Erica Menegatti1

  • 1Vascular Diseases Center, Ferrara University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy.

BMC Neurology
|December 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A newly identified jugular variant of Eagle syndrome involves styloid process elongation compressing the internal jugular vein. This variant presents with distinct symptoms like headache and is associated with specific comorbidities.

Keywords:
Eagle syndromeElongated styloid processJugular compressionPerimesencephalic subarachnoid haemorrhage

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Eagle syndrome is historically linked to styloid process elongation causing pain and dysphagia (classic variant) or cerebral ischemia (carotid variant).
  • A novel variant involves styloid process elongation adjacent to the C1 transverse process, leading to internal jugular vein compression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a new variant of Eagle syndrome involving jugular vein compression.
  • To compare the clinical presentation, comorbidities, and imaging findings of this jugular variant with classic and carotid variants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of Eagle syndrome cases over six years.
  • Statistical analysis of symptomatology, comorbidities, and imaging data.
  • Comparison between jugular variant and classic-carotid variants.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three patients with symptomatic styloid process elongation were identified.
  • The jugular variant showed significant clinical differences from classic and carotid variants.
  • Headache was the most prominent symptom (p < .009) and peri-mesencephalic hemorrhage was a significant comorbidity (p < .0003) in the jugular variant.
  • Classic-carotid variants were characterized by ipsilateral pain (p < .0003).

Conclusions:

  • Elongated styloid processes can adopt various paths, causing compression of adjacent anatomical structures.
  • Jugular vein impingement by an elongated styloid process is associated with distinct clinical symptoms.