Epigenetic Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Homeostasis

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have putative roles in maintaining adult tissue health, and the functional decline of MSCs has emerged as a crucial pathophysiological driver of various diseases. Epigenetic regulation is essential for establishing and preserving MSC homeostasis in vivo. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that epigenetic dysregulation contributes to age- and disease-associated MSC alterations. Epigenetic marks in MSCs can be amplified through self-renewal divisions and transmitted to differentiated progeny, further perpetuating their role in tissue maintenance and pathogenesis. We review the epigenetic regulation of MSC homeostasis, emphasizing its contributions to organismal health and disease. Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms could hold promise as targets for MSC-mediated regenerative therapies.