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Evaluating the Standardized Letter of Recommendation Form in Applicants to Orthopaedic Surgery Residency
Hyunwoo Paco Kang1, Djani M Robertson, William N Levine
1From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr. Kang, Mr. Robertson, and Dr. Lieberman); and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY (Dr. Levine).
Introduction:
A standardized letter of recommendation (SLOR) form for orthopaedic surgery residency programs has recently been adopted for use, but it has not been scientifically evaluated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of the SLOR form in the selection process.
Methods:
All SLOR forms submitted to our institution over a single application cycle were extracted and analyzed. The United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores, grades in clinical rotations, Alpha Omega Alpha status, and the number of publications were recorded for each applicant. Correlations were calculated with Spearman rho, and inter-rater reliability was evaluated by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients.
Results:
One thousand one hundred thirty-seven SLOR forms were analyzed for 513 applicants. There was substantial rank inflation with the SLOR form; the majority (92%) of applicants were rated as either ranked to match or in the top one-third of their rank list. Objective applicant factors such as grades and Step 1 scores demonstrated a very weak to nonexistent correlation with the summative rank (rho 0.07 to 0.13, P ≤ 0.012). Poor inter-rater reliability was observed with the intraclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.22 to 0.33 (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
The usefulness of the SLOR form is limited by the very high ratings observed for all questions, and in particular, the final summative rank. Measures to reduce rank inflation must be implemented to improve the discriminant ability of the SLOR form, and if this cannot be accomplished, perhaps the form should be abandoned.
Level Of Evidence:
Level III Retrospective.
