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Critical charge and density coupling in ionic spherical models.

Jean-Noël Aqua1, Michael E Fisher2

  • 1Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, INSP, UMR 7588, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.

Physical Review. E
|December 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ionic criticality is explored using a spherical model. Electroneutrality prevents Coulomb forces from altering criticality universality, even with quantum effects impacting screening.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Ionic systems exhibit complex critical phenomena influenced by both electrostatic and non-ionic interactions.
  • Understanding the interplay between density and charge fluctuations is crucial for characterizing ionic criticality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate ionic criticality using a spherical model incorporating Coulomb and non-ionic forces.
  • To analyze the entanglement of density (G_NN) and charge (G_ZZ) correlation functions on criticality and screening.
  • To explore the impact of electroneutrality and non-symmetric systems on critical behavior and correlation lengths.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a specialized spherical model for binary ionic systems.
  • Detailed analysis of density and charge correlation functions (G_NN, G_ZZ).
  • Examination of the Stillinger-Lovett sum rule and quantum effects via semiclassical approximations.

Main Results:

  • Electroneutrality preserves criticality universality class despite long-range Coulomb interactions in attractive non-ionic systems.
  • Charge and density fluctuations couple in non-symmetric systems, leading to similar divergence of correlation lengths.
  • The Stillinger-Lovett sum rule is violated at criticality when the critical-point density-decay exponent (η) vanishes.
  • Quantum effects lead to power-law decay of G_ZZ, deviating from Debye screening.

Conclusions:

  • The soluble model provides general insights into ionic criticality mechanisms.
  • Electroneutrality plays a key role in determining the universality class of ionic criticality.
  • Deviations from Debye screening occur under specific quantum conditions and system asymmetries.