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Long-term stable optical cavity for special relativity tests in space.

Josep Sanjuan, Klaus Abich, Martin Gohlke

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    The BOOST mission will test fundamental physics by comparing two optical clocks in space. Researchers achieved a frequency stability of 9×10^-14 Hz^-1/2, crucial for detecting Lorentz invariance violations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Fundamental Physics
    • Metrology
    • Space Science

    Background:

    • Lorentz invariance is a cornerstone of modern physics.
    • Testing its validity with high precision is crucial for uncovering new physics.
    • The BOOST mission aims to significantly improve constraints on the Kennedy-Thorndike parameter.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally demonstrate the required frequency stability for optical clocks in the BOOST mission.
    • To identify and mitigate noise sources affecting optical cavity stability in a space environment.
    • To achieve a fractional frequency stability of 7.4×10^-14 Hz^-1/2 at 0.18 mHz.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a high-finesse optical cavity as a frequency reference.
    • Operating the experiment in a low Earth orbit to simulate space conditions.
    • Implementing a five-layer thermal shield to attenuate temperature fluctuations.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a fractional frequency stability of (9±3)×10^-14 Hz^-1/2 at 0.18 mHz.
    • Demonstrated an Allan deviation of 10^-14 at 5400 s, meeting mission requirements.
    • Identified intensity fluctuations, thermal noise, and beam pointing as major noise contributors.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated frequency stability is sufficient for the BOOST mission's goals.
    • Understanding noise sources is critical for developing space-qualified optical cavities.
    • Further optimization of intensity stabilization and vibration isolation is needed for future space missions.