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Related Concept Videos

Color Vision01:24

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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
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Adaptive spatial-layout selection for massive multi-color visible light communications.

Yumeng Zhang, Yi-Jun Zhu, Yan-Yu Zhang

    Applied Optics
    |December 25, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Adaptive spatial-layout selection (ASLS) enhances massive multi-color visible light communications (mMC-VLC) by optimizing LED placement for improved receiver mobility and reduced channel correlation. This method achieves better bit-error ratio performance compared to existing spatial modulation techniques.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Wireless Networking
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Massive multi-color visible light communications (mMC-VLC) offer high spectral efficiency for next-generation indoor data connections.
    • Limitations include the LED-photodiode (PD) gap, channel correlation, and receiver mobility.
    • These factors hinder multiplexing and overall system performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and evaluate an adaptive spatial-layout selection (ASLS) technique for mMC-VLC systems.
    • To address challenges posed by receiver mobility and channel limitations.
    • To optimize LED transmitter configurations for improved data transmission.

    Main Methods:

    • Formulated optimal parameter problems to minimize system ill-conditioning under closed-circle and linear layout constraints.
    • Researched fitting curves for optimal layout parameters and vertical distance ($D_v$) to enable adaptivity.
    • Proposed the closest layout-selected principle (CLSP) for practical LED arrangement.

    Main Results:

    • ASLS optimizes LED placement in an approximate closed-circle layout, adapting to receiver position.
    • Closed-circle layout demonstrated superior bit-error ratio (BER) performance compared to linear.
    • Optimal ASLS parameters showed a linear relationship with receiver position, independent of the number of LED sets ($N$).

    Conclusions:

    • ASLS effectively improves BER performance in mMC-VLC systems, outperforming optical multi-stream spatial modulation.
    • The closed-circle layout is identified as the optimal configuration for ASLS.
    • The study provides a method to determine the maximal available $N$ based on receiver position.