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Electromagnetic Waves in Matter

Electromagnetic Waves in Matter

Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
Consider the electromagnetic wave passing through a dielectric medium. In such a case, Maxwell's equations get modified. In Ampere's law, ε0 , the dielectric permittivity of free space is replaced with ε, the permittivity of dielectric. Also, the vacuum permeability μ0 is replaced by the permeability of the medium, μ.
Furthermore,...

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Effective-medium-cladded dielectric waveguides for terahertz waves.

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Area of Science:

Integrated optics
Terahertz technology

Background:

Terahertz integrated platforms are vital for communications, radar, imaging, and sensing.
Wideband interconnection is a key enabling technology for these platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and demonstrate novel substrate-less all-dielectric waveguides for terahertz applications.
To achieve efficient wideband interconnection with low loss and high data rates.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of substrate-less all-dielectric waveguides using a subwavelength hole array in a silicon wafer.
Characterization of waveguide performance, including frequency range, mode properties, and attenuation.
Experimental demonstration of high-speed data transmission and video streaming.

Main Results:

Waveguides operate from 260-400 GHz with single dominant modes in orthogonal polarizations.
Average measured attenuation is approximately 0.05 dB/cm.
Error-free data rate of 30 Gbit/s achieved at 335 GHz over a 3-cm waveguide, with successful 4K video transmission.

Conclusions:

The proposed waveguides offer a promising solution for terahertz integrated circuits, analogous to photonic integrated circuits.
This technology enables efficient wideband interconnection and can benefit integrated optics.
The substrate-less design minimizes material absorption, crucial for terahertz frequencies.