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Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by Alternaria spp.: A case report

Santiago Cardona1, Soad Yusef1, Edwin Silva2

  • 1Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Fundación Clínica Shaio, Bogotá, Colombia.

Medical Mycology Case Reports
|December 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Phaeohyphomycosis, fungal infections from dematiaceous fungi, can cause severe disease, especially in immunocompromised patients. This case highlights a rare invasive *Alternaria* infection in a renal transplant recipient.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Phaeohyphomycosis encompasses infections caused by pigmented, dematiaceous fungi, leading to various clinical presentations from superficial to deep mycoses.
  • Primary causative agents include *Alternaria*, *Exophiala*, and *Cladophialophora* species.
  • Invasive systemic infections are infrequent, predominantly occurring in immunocompromised individuals.

Observation:

  • This report details a rare case of invasive *Alternaria* spp. infection.
  • The patient was a 66-year-old male with a history of renal transplantation one year prior.
  • The renal transplant was identified as the primary risk factor for the infection.

Findings:

  • The study describes the specific characteristics of the *Alternaria* infection.
  • Details on diagnostic procedures and microbiological findings are provided.
  • Information regarding the treatment administered to the patient is included.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for rare fungal infections in transplant recipients.
  • It emphasizes the importance of considering dematiaceous fungi in the differential diagnosis of infections in immunocompromised hosts.
  • The report contributes to the limited literature on invasive *Alternaria* infections, particularly in the context of organ transplantation.
Keywords:
AlternariaBrain abscessPhaeohyphomycosisTransplant

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