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Associations Between Migraine and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Annet M Aukes1, Feyza N Yurtsever2, Amélie Boutin3

  • 1Gynecologist.

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey
|December 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Women with a history of migraine face increased risks of preeclampsia (PE) and low birth weight (LBW). Migraine may indicate underlying cardiovascular risks that impact pregnancy outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Obstetrics
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Migraine is prevalent and linked to cardiovascular diseases.
  • Cardiovascular diseases share pathophysiological aspects with preeclampsia (PE).
  • Adverse pregnancy outcomes like PE, preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and placental abruption may share mechanisms with migraine, including inflammation and hypercoagulability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the association between a history of migraine and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • To assess risks for PE, PTB, LBW, SGA, and placental abruption in women with migraine.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies.
  • Searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, and EMBASE from inception to November 11, 2018.
  • Included 14 studies evaluating migraine history and pregnancy complications.

Main Results:

  • Migraine history was associated with a significantly higher risk of PE (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.51-2.85) and LBW (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03-1.34).
  • No significant association was found between migraine history and PTB (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.97-1.55) or SGA (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.98-1.15).

Conclusions:

  • A history of migraine is significantly linked to increased risks of PE and LBW.
  • Shared pathophysiology, potentially involving preclinical cardiovascular risk in women with migraine, may influence pregnancy outcomes.
  • Pregnant women with migraine history require heightened monitoring and preventive care for adverse pregnancy outcomes.