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High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning
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More dynamic, more quantitative, unexpectedly intricate: Advanced understanding on synaptic RNA localization in
Rohini Roy1, Nobuyuki Shiina2, Dan Ohtan Wang3
1Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
|December 28, 2019
Summary
Neurons use localized RNAs within ribonucleoprotein complexes for rapid synaptic protein synthesis, crucial for learning and memory. RNA chemical modifications add another layer of synaptic gene expression regulation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Synaptic plasticity requires dynamic local proteome maintenance and modification.
- Neurons utilize synapse-localized messenger RNAs (mRNAs) within ribonucleoprotein complexes.
- Localized transcripts enable rapid, spatially- and temporally-restricted protein translation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding localized RNAs and RNA-binding proteins in learning and memory.
- To highlight the impact of novel technologies on studying synaptic gene expression.
- To introduce RNA chemical modifications as a newly emerging regulatory mechanism.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses.
- High-resolution multiplexed RNA imaging.
- Single-molecule RNA tracking in living neurons, animal models, and human neuron cell models.
Main Results:
- Cutting-edge technologies provide quantitative and dynamic insights into synaptic RNA biology.
- RNA chemical modifications represent a complex, underexplored regulatory layer at the synapse.
- Advances enhance comprehension of synaptic gene expression modulation.
Conclusions:
- Localized RNAs are critical for synaptic function, learning, and memory.
- Novel technologies are revolutionizing the study of synaptic RNA regulation.
- RNA chemical modifications offer new avenues for understanding cognitive processes.
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