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Prevalence of sarcopenia as a comorbid disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jacob Pacifico1, Milou A J Geerlings2, Esmee M Reijnierse1

  • 1Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Experimental Gerontology
|December 31, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass, is common in older adults and frequently occurs alongside cardiovascular disease, dementia, diabetes, and respiratory conditions. This meta-analysis confirms its high prevalence in these patient groups.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Sarcopenia is an age-related condition sharing risk factors with other chronic diseases.
  • Understanding sarcopenia's comorbidity is crucial for comprehensive geriatric care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia as a comorbid condition in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD), dementia, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory disease.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic meta-analysis was conducted using data from Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases up to June 2018.
  • Included studies reported sarcopenia prevalence in patients with CVD, dementia, diabetes, or respiratory disease, and their respective controls.
  • Meta-analyses were stratified by disease, sarcopenia definition, and continent, with no exclusion criteria for study design or population.

Main Results:

  • The analysis included 63 articles with 17,206 diseased individuals and 22,375 controls.
  • Sarcopenia prevalence was 31.4% in CVD patients, 26.4% in dementia patients (vs. 8.3% in controls), 31.1% in diabetes patients (vs. 16.2% in controls), and 26.8% in respiratory disease patients (vs. 13.3% in controls).

Conclusions:

  • Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease, dementia, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory disease.
  • These findings highlight the significant burden of sarcopenia as a comorbidity in major chronic diseases.
Abstract

Keywords:
AgedCardiovascular diseasesDementiaDiabetes mellitusRespiratory tract diseasesSarcopenia

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