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Evidence-based leadership development for physicians: A systematic literature review
Jaason M Geerts1, Amanda H Goodall2, Stevie Agius3
1Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, 184 Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 8PQ, UK; Health Education England (HEE) and the National Health Service (NHS) North West, 3 Piccadilly Place, London Road, Manchester, M1 3BN, UK.
Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|December 31, 2019
Summary
Effective physician leadership development programs improve individual, organizational, and patient outcomes. Interventions like workshops, coaching, and feedback are most impactful when using an outcomes-based approach with objective data collection.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Management
- Medical Education
- Leadership Studies
Background:
- Substantial interest exists in healthcare leadership development, but evidence on effective interventions is limited.
- Physician leadership is crucial for healthcare quality and efficiency.
- Previous reviews have not systematically assessed the quality of evidence for leadership interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the literature on physician leadership development interventions.
- To identify the most effective interventions associated with positive outcomes.
- To assess the quality of evidence using a tiered rating system.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of research published between 2007 and 2016.
- Application of the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) to assess study quality.
- Focus on highly-rated studies to identify reliable evidence.
Main Results:
- Leadership development interventions can significantly improve individual outcomes (knowledge, motivation, skills, behavior).
- Programs positively impact organizational performance and patient care.
- Effective interventions include interactive workshops, simulations, Multisource Feedback (MSF), coaching, action learning, and mentoring.
Conclusions:
- Physician leadership development is effective in enhancing individual, organizational, and patient outcomes.
- An outcomes-based program design with objective data collection is recommended.
- Future research should focus on rigorous study designs and long-term impact evaluation.
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