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Oxidative Stress and Cancer Development: Are Noncoding RNAs the Missing Links?
Leonard Clinton D'Souza1, Shruti Mishra2, Anirban Chakraborty3
1Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India.
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
|January 1, 2020
Summary
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) interact to influence cancer development. Further research into this ncRNA-ROS-cancer relationship is needed, especially in animal models.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Genetic alterations drive cancer, with noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) emerging as key regulators.
- ncRNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and ROS play critical roles in various stages of tumor development.
- Malignant cells exhibit higher ROS levels than normal cells, highlighting a complex interplay in tumorigenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the mechanistic relationship between ncRNAs and ROS in cancer.
- To investigate the role of the ncRNA-ROS-cancer axis in various malignancies.
- To identify key cancer-related signaling pathways regulated by ncRNA-ROS interactions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on ncRNA-ROS interactions in cancer.
- Analysis of studies reporting the mechanistic basis of ncRNA-ROS interplay in different cancer types.
- Identification of regulated cancer-related cell signaling pathways.
Main Results:
- A significant mechanistic relationship termed ncRNA-ROS-cancer exists, implicated in numerous cancers like hepatocellular carcinoma, glioma, and breast cancer.
- ncRNA-ROS interactions regulate critical cancer-associated signaling pathways including AKT, EGFR, Nrf2, and p53.
- Most current evidence stems from cell line studies, indicating a need for further in vivo validation.
Conclusions:
- The interplay between ncRNAs and ROS is a crucial factor in cancer development and progression.
- Elucidating the ncRNA-ROS-cancer axis offers potential therapeutic targets.
- Future research should focus on animal models to fully understand the significance of this interplay in carcinogenesis.
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