Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

10.3K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
10.3K
Determination01:51

Determination

20.5K
During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
20.5K
Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

8.2K
Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
8.2K
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

1.9K
The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
1.9K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

3.3K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.3K
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins01:22

Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins

10.5K
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
10.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Global burden landscape (1990-2021) of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer attributable to high body mass index in older adults and a projection to 2050.

Journal of gastrointestinal oncology·2026
Same author

Brain Graph Sparsification for fMRI-based Connectome Analysis: A Methodological Review.

Neuroinformatics·2026
Same author

Rationale and design of Dongzong CArdIovascuLar Bio-imaging RegistrY (DAILY) study: Bridging multiomics, imaging and cardiovascular disease.

American journal of preventive cardiology·2026
Same author

Diagnostic Yield of Cardiac CT to Detect Cardiac Thrombi in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS of HEARTS).

Stroke·2026
Same author

Metabolic reprogramming in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury: crosstalk between mitochondria, lipid metabolism, and ferroptosis.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications·2026
Same author

Genome-wide identification and salt stress-induced expression analysis of the NHX gene family in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

BMC plant biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Isolation of Whole Cell Protein Lysates from Mouse Facial Processes and Cultured Palatal Mesenchyme Cells for Phosphoprotein Analysis
07:26

Isolation of Whole Cell Protein Lysates from Mouse Facial Processes and Cultured Palatal Mesenchyme Cells for Phosphoprotein Analysis

Published on: April 1, 2022

2.3K

GATA Binding Protein 4 Regulates Tooth Root Dentin Development via FBP1.

Yuxin Zhang1, Mengru Fang1, Zhiwen Yang1

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

International Journal of Biological Sciences
|January 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4) is crucial for tooth root development and odontoblast differentiation. It promotes dental mesenchymal cell growth and affects glucose metabolism by regulating Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1).

Keywords:
dentinogenesisgluconeogenesisknockout micemultipotent stem cellsneural crestodontoblasts

More Related Videos

Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials
09:46

Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials

Published on: July 8, 2021

4.4K
Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes
07:13

Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes

Published on: February 13, 2021

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Isolation of Whole Cell Protein Lysates from Mouse Facial Processes and Cultured Palatal Mesenchyme Cells for Phosphoprotein Analysis
07:26

Isolation of Whole Cell Protein Lysates from Mouse Facial Processes and Cultured Palatal Mesenchyme Cells for Phosphoprotein Analysis

Published on: April 1, 2022

2.3K
Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials
09:46

Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials

Published on: July 8, 2021

4.4K
Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes
07:13

Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes

Published on: February 13, 2021

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Tooth development involves complex signaling pathways and transcription factors.
  • GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4) was previously identified as a regulator of root development.
  • The role of GATA4 in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the necessity of GATA4 for odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying GATA4's function in tooth development.
  • To explore the relationship between GATA4, Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1), and cellular metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic analysis of Wnt1-Cre;GATA4 mutant mice.
  • In vivo lentiviral overexpression of GATA4 in mouse roots.
  • In vitro studies using human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) with GATA4 knockdown or overexpression.
  • Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry to identify GATA4 interacting proteins.
  • Assessment of cellular proliferation, migration, differentiation, mineralization, glucose consumption, and lactate production.

Main Results:

  • GATA4 deficiency in mice led to defective dentin, short roots, and loss of odontoblast polarity.
  • GATA4 overexpression in vivo enhanced dentin formation and expression of odontogenic markers.
  • GATA4 knockdown in DPSCs reduced proliferation, migration, differentiation, and mineralization.
  • GATA4 interacts with FBP1 and negatively regulates its expression, impacting glucose metabolism in DPSCs.

Conclusions:

  • GATA4 is essential for root formation and maintaining odontoblast polarity.
  • GATA4 promotes the growth and differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells.
  • GATA4 influences DPSC glucose metabolism via negative regulation of FBP1.