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Evolving phenotypes to endotypes: is precision medicine achievable in asthma?
Diego Bagnasco1, Giovanni Passalacqua1, Marco Caminati2
1Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine
|January 5, 2020
Summary
Precision medicine in asthma is evolving from patient phenotypes to endotypes. This shift, driven by biomarkers and biologics, enables targeted therapies for better disease control.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Pharmacology
- Genetics
Background:
- Biologic molecules have revolutionized asthma treatment.
- Precision medicine aims to target specific disease mechanisms.
- Asthma classification is moving from phenotypes to endotypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the transition from phenotyping to endotyping in asthma.
- To highlight the role of biomarkers and targeted therapies.
- To discuss the practical application of endotyping in clinical practice.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Medline-quoted articles.
- Focus on high-impact factor journals.
- Analysis of biomarkers and current therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Endotyping offers a more precise classification than phenotyping.
- Biomarkers are crucial for identifying specific endotypes.
- Biological therapies are increasingly aligned with endotype-specific targets.
Conclusions:
- Endotyping is essential for personalized asthma management.
- Biologics enable targeted modulation of pathophysiological mechanisms.
- Clinicians can select therapies based on specific endotypes for improved asthma control.
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