[The revolution of immuno-oncology therapy: specificities for the physicians]

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment and prognosis of many cancer patients. Associated with the raise of these new treatments, new side effects have been observed, requiring specific management. In addition, the tumor evolution and its monitoring under immunotherapy differ from conventional treatments, and require an adaptation of the radiological criteria for tumor lesions monitoring. Many other therapeutic targets exist and could potentially be associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Many challenges still need to be overcome in order to better understand and optimize the use of these new molecules.