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Coronoid hyperplasia: A review.

Y C Goh1, C C Tan1, D Lim1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|January 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Coronoid hyperplasia, a rare cause of limited mouth opening, affects young males and often involves both sides of the mandible. Surgical treatments like coronoidectomy or coronoidotomy significantly improve mouth opening.

Keywords:
Coronoid processElongationEnlargementHyperplasiaMandible

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Orthodontics
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Coronoid hyperplasia is a rare condition causing progressive limitation of mouth opening.
  • It results from the enlarged mandibular coronoid process impinging on the zygomatic bone.
  • The exact etiopathogenesis remains inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze existing case reports and series on coronoid hyperplasia.
  • To evaluate patient demographics, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes.
  • To assess the effectiveness of surgical interventions for improving mouth opening.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 82 articles reporting 115 cases of coronoid hyperplasia.
  • Data extraction included demographics, type of hyperplasia, treatment, and mouth opening measurements.
  • Analysis of preoperative, intraoperative, and follow-up mouth opening dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Coronoid hyperplasia commonly affects males, with a mean age of onset around 22.64 years.
  • Bilateral involvement of the coronoid process was frequently observed.
  • Surgical treatment significantly improved mouth opening from a mean of 16.5mm preoperatively to 36.3mm intraoperatively and 34.8mm at follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Coronoidectomy and coronoidotomy are effective treatments for improving mouth opening in patients with coronoid hyperplasia.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention, particularly between ages 11-20, are crucial.
  • Further research into the etiopathogenesis is warranted.