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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

Published on: December 21, 2019

Asbestos, Smoking and Lung Cancer: An Update.

Sonja Klebe¹, James Leigh², Douglas W Henderson¹

¹Department of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology and Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

|January 8, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Asbestos exposure and tobacco smoke synergistically cause lung cancer through a multistage biological process. Even minimal asbestos exposure contributes to lung cancer risk in smokers and non-smokers.

Keywords:

asbestosis carcinoma cumulative exposure mesothelioma multiplicative model pathogenesis smoking synergism

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Published on: January 6, 2023

Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Environmental Toxicology
Cancer Epidemiology

Background:

Asbestos exposure is a known risk factor for lung cancer.
The interaction between asbestos and tobacco smoke in lung cancer development requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

To update the scientific literature on asbestos and lung cancer.
To investigate the synergistic effects of asbestos and tobacco smoke on lung cancer.
To propose an equitable compensation framework for asbestos-related lung cancer.

Main Methods:

Re-evaluation of peer-reviewed epidemiologic studies.
Inclusion of in vivo, in vitro animal studies, and human molecular/cellular studies.
Statistical analysis to model interaction effects.

Main Results:

Asbestos and tobacco smoke act conjointly in a multistage stochastic process for lung cancer causation.
Evidence supports a synergistic relationship between asbestos exposure and tobacco smoke at a biological level.
A multiplicative model best describes the interaction effects on lung cancer risk, irrespective of asbestosis.

Conclusions:

Any asbestos exposure contributes to lung cancer risk, even in heavy smokers.
New evidence supports biological synergism between asbestos and smoking in lung cancer.
Proposed criteria for attributing lung cancer to asbestos in both smokers and non-smokers.