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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
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Red for "Stop": "Traffic-Light" Nutrition Labels Decrease Unhealthy Food Choices by Increasing Activity and

Xuemeng Zhang1,2, Yong Liu1,2, Yan Gu2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.

Nutrients
|January 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Traffic-light food labels, unlike numeric guideline-daily-amount labels, effectively reduce unhealthy food choices. This color-coded system enhances decision-making by engaging brain regions involved in motor inhibition and salient information monitoring.

Keywords:
fMRIfood decision makingnutritional labelstraffic light labels

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health Policy
  • Consumer Behavior

Background:

  • Food labels are crucial for informing consumers about nutritional content.
  • Color-coded traffic-light labels may be more effective than numeric guideline-daily-amount labels in promoting healthier food choices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the influence of traffic-light versus guideline-daily-amount food labels on decision-making.
  • To compare the effectiveness of different food labeling systems on dietary choices.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to monitor brain activity.
  • A food-choice task was administered to 44 female dieters presenting healthy/unhealthy options with different labels.
  • Participants' preferences were recorded to assess decision-making patterns.

Main Results:

  • Red traffic-light labels significantly reduced unhealthy food choices compared to guideline-daily-amount labels.
  • Traffic-light labels activated brain regions associated with response execution, motor inhibition (superior medial frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area), and salient information monitoring (anterior cingulate cortex).
  • Enhanced functional connectivity was observed between the anterior cingulate cortex and frontal inhibitory regions under traffic-light labeling.

Conclusions:

  • Traffic-light food labels appear to be a more effective public policy tool than numeric labels for guiding healthier dietary decisions.
  • The findings suggest that color-coded labels leverage neural mechanisms of inhibition and attention to influence consumer behavior.
  • This research provides neurobiological evidence supporting the use of traffic-light labeling systems in public health interventions.