Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Endophthalmitis: Microbiologic Spectrum and Clinical Outcomes.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology

Background:

• Endophthalmitis is a severe intraocular infection often leading to vision loss.
• Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is a common surgical intervention for endophthalmitis.
• Understanding the microbial spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate visual outcomes in endophthalmitis patients undergoing PPV.
• To identify the common causative organisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns.
• To compare outcomes between culture-positive and culture-negative endophthalmitis cases.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 32 patients with endophthalmitis who underwent PPV.
• Microbial analysis of intraocular samples.
• Statistical comparison of visual acuity (VA) using linear mixed models.

Main Results:

• Streptococcal species and coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) were the most frequent pathogens.
• No resistance to vancomycin or fluoroquinolones was detected.
• Culture-negative endophthalmitis demonstrated significantly better VA and lower rates of retinal detachment (RD) and hypotony compared to culture-positive cases.

Conclusions:

• Vancomycin and fluoroquinolones remain effective against common endophthalmitis pathogens.
• Culture-negative endophthalmitis is associated with more favorable visual prognoses and fewer complications.
• Non-cataract-related endophthalmitis had a high incidence of secondary retinal detachment.