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Hypophysectomy and adrenalectomy decrease Ca2+-induced swelling of rat liver mitochondria.

C D Bedetti1, L F Pacheco Bolaños, G Anzola Montero

  • 1Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Biochemistry International
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Hypophysectomy significantly impairs liver mitochondrial function, reducing Ca2+-induced swelling and MgATP-induced contraction in rats. Bovine pituitary extract, but not growth hormone, restored these mitochondrial functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Hypophysectomy, the surgical removal of the pituitary gland, profoundly impacts endocrine function.
  • Mitochondria are crucial for cellular energy production and are sensitive to hormonal changes.
  • Previous research suggests a link between pituitary hormones and liver mitochondrial integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of hypophysectomy on liver mitochondrial Ca2+-induced swelling and MgATP-induced contraction in rats.
  • To determine the efficacy of bovine pituitary extract and bovine growth hormone in counteracting these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Hypophysectomy was performed on male rats.
  • Mitochondrial function was assessed by measuring Ca2+-induced swelling and MgATP-induced contraction.

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  • Rats were treated with bovine pituitary extract or bovine growth hormone post-operation.
  • Adrenalectomy was also performed to compare its effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Hypophysectomized rat liver mitochondria exhibited significantly reduced maximal swelling (77%) and contraction (79%), along with decreased rates of swelling (83%) and contraction (62%).
    • Treatment with bovine pituitary extract for two weeks reversed these functional deficits.
    • Bovine growth hormone treatment was ineffective in restoring mitochondrial function.
    • Adrenalectomy caused less pronounced effects on swelling but did not impact contraction.

    Conclusions:

    • The pituitary gland plays a critical role in maintaining liver mitochondrial function, specifically in Ca2+ and MgATP-dependent processes.
    • Bovine pituitary extract contains factors that can restore mitochondrial function post-hypophysectomy, suggesting a complex hormonal regulation.
    • Growth hormone alone is insufficient to counteract the observed mitochondrial dysfunction, highlighting the importance of other pituitary factors.