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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
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Distraction biases working memory for faces.

Remington Mallett1, Anurima Mummaneni2, Jarrod A Lewis-Peacock3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. remym@utexas.edu.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|January 8, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory for faces is biased by distractors. Even complex visual stimuli like faces are influenced by irrelevant information, impacting memory recall.

Keywords:
BiasDistractionFace perceptionVisual working memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) is susceptible to interference from distractors.
  • Previous studies show low-level visual features are biased by distractors in WM.
  • The effect of distractors on high-level stimuli, like faces, in WM remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if working memory for complex visual stimuli (faces) is biased by distractors.
  • To determine if high-level face representations in WM are influenced by task-irrelevant information.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a delayed-estimation task involving a computer-generated 'face space'.
  • Manipulated target and distractor faces varying in age and sex.
  • Quantified response accuracies to measure working memory bias.

Main Results:

  • Working memory responses for target faces were biased towards distractor faces.
  • This bias occurred even when the distractor was presented during the maintenance period.
  • The magnitude of response bias was independent of the distance between target and distractor faces.

Conclusions:

  • High-level face representations in working memory are susceptible to distractor bias.
  • Similar to low-level features, complex visual stimuli are affected by irrelevant processing.
  • Working memory is not immune to interference from related, task-irrelevant information.