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Interpersonal Violence and Maxillofacial Fractures.
Blair S York1, Kimberley N Sent-Doux1, Jaewon Heo1
1Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial and Burns Unit, Hutt Hospital, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery
|January 8, 2020
Summary
Interpersonal violence (IPV) is the leading cause of maxillofacial fractures in Wellington, often linked to alcohol and/or drug use. This is particularly prevalent in young, Māori males, highlighting a need for targeted public health interventions.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Public Health
- Trauma Surgery
Background:
- Maxillofacial fractures incur significant costs, with interpersonal violence (IPV), road traffic accidents (RTAs), sports injuries, and falls as primary causes.
- Accident Compensation Corporation data indicates 11,000 annual cases in New Zealand, costing approximately $90 million NZD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the primary causes of maxillofacial fractures.
- To determine the association of alcohol and/or drug use with these fractures.
- To analyze fracture patterns in patients presenting to Wellington region hospitals.
Main Methods:
- A 5-year prospective database (2013-2017) from Hutt Hospital was analyzed.
- Data collected included patient demographics, fracture causes, and alcohol/drug use.
- Fracture patterns were also documented and reviewed.
Main Results:
- Interpersonal violence (IPV) accounted for 38% of maxillofacial fractures, followed by sports injury (24%) and falls (24%).
- Alcohol and/or drug use was associated with 33.4% of cases.
- Males were six times more likely to sustain IPV-related fractures. The 16-30 age group, particularly NZ Māori, showed a higher incidence of IPV-related fractures.
Conclusions:
- Interpersonal violence (IPV), frequently involving alcohol and/or drug use, is the predominant cause of maxillofacial fractures in the Wellington region.
- Young Māori males (16-30 years) are a particularly vulnerable demographic for IPV-related maxillofacial fractures.
- Public health strategies targeting IPV reduction are crucial for decreasing maxillofacial fracture incidence.
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