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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease.

Kerri L Glassner1, Bincy P Abraham1, Eamonn M M Quigley1

  • 1Fondren IBD Program, Lynda K. and David M. Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Tex.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Summary

The gut microbiome differs in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Research explores microbiome-modulating therapies like probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation for IBD treatment.

Keywords:
Crohn diseaseInflammatory bowel diseaseantibioticsenvironmental factorsfecal microbiota transplantationgeneticsinflammationmicrobiomemicrobiotaprebioticsprobioticsulcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract, with subtypes including ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease.
  • IBD pathogenesis is linked to genetic susceptibility interacting with environmental, microbial, and immune factors.
  • The gut microbiome's role in IBD development, progression, and treatment is a significant area of research interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the gut microbiome's role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • To focus on human studies investigating the relationship between the microbiome and IBD.
  • To discuss potential microbiome-modulating interventions for IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing human studies on the gut microbiome in IBD patients versus healthy controls.
  • Analysis of evidence linking microbiome-immune interactions and microbiota-modulating risk factors to IBD pathogenesis.
  • Examination of research on microbiome-modulating therapies for IBD.

Main Results:

  • Human studies consistently show differences in the gut microbiome composition of IBD patients compared to healthy individuals.
  • Mutations in genes related to microbiome-immune interactions are identified in IBD patients.
  • Epidemiological data suggest that factors influencing the microbiome, such as antibiotic use, smoking, sanitation, and diet, are implicated in IBD.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Microbiome-modulating interventions represent a promising therapeutic avenue for IBD.
  • Further research into human studies is crucial for understanding and treating IBD through microbiome manipulation.