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Primary congenital glaucoma: An updated review

Abdulrahman H Badawi1, Ahmed A Al-Muhaylib2, Adi Mohammed Al Owaifeer3

  • 1King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology : Official Journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society
|January 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a rare childhood eye disease once thought untreatable. Advances in genetics, diagnostics, and surgical techniques now offer hope for preserving vision in affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a rare, severe childhood eye condition.
  • Historically, PCG was considered untreatable, leading to inevitable blindness.
  • Recent scientific and medical advancements have improved understanding and treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of primary congenital glaucoma.
  • To focus on PCG epidemiology and genetics, especially in Saudi Arabia.
  • To detail clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options for PCG.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent biochemical and genetic studies.
  • Analysis of new diagnostic tools and intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medications.
  • Evaluation of improved surgical techniques for PCG.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding PCG's genetic basis.
  • Development of enhanced diagnostic approaches.
  • Improved efficacy of medical and surgical interventions for IOP management.

Conclusions:

  • PCG is increasingly manageable with modern interventions.
  • Early diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial for vision preservation.
  • Continued research, particularly in Saudi Arabia, is vital for PCG management.

Keywords:
CongenitalCorneaGeneticsGlaucomaGoniotomyTrabeculectomyTrabeculotomy

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