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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

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Published on: April 7, 2015

Modeling an equivalent b-value in diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession.

Benjamin C Tendler¹, Sean Foxley², Michiel Cottaar¹

¹Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

|January 11, 2020

Summary

Diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession (DW-SSFP) can probe non-Gaussian diffusion by adjusting the flip angle. This method allows for accurate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) estimation at an effective b-value, comparable to standard diffusion sequences.

Keywords:

Monte-Carlo b-value diffusion-weighted spin-echo diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession non-Gaussian diffusion postmortem MRI

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Last Updated: Dec 31, 2025

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Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

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Published on: November 8, 2012

Area of Science:

Biomedical Imaging
Diffusion MRI

Background:

Diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession (DW-SSFP) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique.
Non-Gaussian diffusion describes complex water molecule movement in biological tissues.
Conventional diffusion MRI sequences may not fully capture non-Gaussian diffusion characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a framework for defining an effective b-value in DW-SSFP.
To enable probing of non-Gaussian diffusion by manipulating the flip angle in DW-SSFP.
To estimate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) at a well-defined effective b-value using DW-SSFP.

Main Methods:

Utilized a gamma distribution to model non-Gaussian diffusion within the Buxton signal model for DW-SSFP.
Employed Monte-Carlo simulations to verify the framework for DW-SSFP and diffusion-weighted spin-echo sequences.
Acquired DW-SSFP data at multiple flip angles in a human postmortem brain for experimental validation.

Main Results:

Monte-Carlo simulations showed excellent agreement between ADCs estimated using DW-SSFP and diffusion-weighted spin-echo.
Experimental ADC estimates in the postmortem brain varied with flip angle, particularly in the corpus callosum.
The mean and standard deviation of the gamma distribution were estimated as 1.50e-4 mm²/s and 2.10e-4 mm²/s, respectively.

Conclusions:

DW-SSFP, by varying the flip angle, can effectively investigate non-Gaussian diffusion.
Fitting a non-Gaussian diffusion model allows ADC estimation in DW-SSFP at an effective b-value.
This approach offers a comparable alternative to conventional diffusion sequences for assessing non-Gaussian diffusion.