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Growth hormone in the tumor microenvironment.
Vera Chesnokova1, Shlomo Melmed1
1Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|January 16, 2020
Summary
Growth hormone (GH) may drive field cancerization by influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME). GH may promote cancer progression, DNA damage, vascularity, and therapy resistance, impacting tumor development.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Cancer Biology
Background:
- Tumorigenesis is a complex, multistep process involving somatic mutations and cellular interactions.
- The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex ecosystem of diverse cell types and matrix components.
- Field cancerization describes pre-malignant changes in tissue that predispose to cancer development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing reports and hypothesize the role of growth hormone (GH) in field cancerization.
- To explore GH's potential contribution to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and cancer progression.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific reports on tumor development, TME, and growth hormone.
- Hypothesis formulation based on existing evidence regarding GH's role in cancer.
Main Results:
- Growth hormone (GH) is postulated to be involved in field cancerization.
- GH may promote key processes within the TME, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
- GH's influence may lead to increased DNA damage, enhanced tumor vascularity, and therapy resistance.
Conclusions:
- Growth hormone (GH) is proposed as a significant factor in field cancerization.
- Understanding GH's role in the TME is crucial for developing novel cancer therapies.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of GH in promoting cancer progression.
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