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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

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Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

389
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Detecting the Lyme Disease Spirochete, Borrelia Burgdorferi, in Ticks Using Nested PCR
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Lyme aortitis.

Rita Reis Correia1, Fábia Cruz2, Sandra Martin2

  • 1Internal Medicine Department, Unidade Local de Saude de Castelo Branco EPE, Castelo Branco, Portugal rt_correia@hotmail.com.

BMJ Case Reports
|January 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of Lyme vasculitis affecting the thoracic aorta led to aortic dissection in an elderly man. Prompt antibiotic treatment and surgical intervention resulted in a full recovery.

Keywords:
cardiovascular systeminfections

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Lyme disease, a tick-borne illness, can manifest with diverse systemic complications.
  • Aortic involvement in Lyme disease is uncommon but potentially severe.

Observation:

  • A 72-year-old man presented with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome, which was ruled out.
  • Imaging revealed diffuse aortic wall thickening and dilatation, with a positive test for Borrelia burgdorferi.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with Lyme vasculitis of the thoracic aorta.
  • He subsequently developed a Stanford type A aortic dissection, successfully treated with prosthesis replacement.
  • The patient recovered fully and remained asymptomatic for one year.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering Lyme disease in the differential diagnosis of aortic pathologies, even in the absence of typical symptoms.
  • Early recognition and treatment of Lyme vasculitis may prevent catastrophic aortic events.
  • Multidisciplinary management involving infectious disease specialists and vascular surgeons is crucial for optimal outcomes.