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Simulation in Cleft Surgery.

Rami S Kantar1, Allyson R Alfonso1, Elie P Ramly1

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Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review appraises cleft surgery simulators, finding significant variation in features, cost, and evidence of utility. Future efforts should standardize assessment and demonstrate simulator efficacy in surgical education.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Simulation
  • Surgical Education
  • Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery

Background:

  • Digital and haptic simulators are emerging tools for cleft surgery education.
  • A comprehensive review of existing cleft surgery simulators is lacking.
  • Understanding simulator utility, cost, and educational role is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To appraise cleft surgery simulators described in the literature.
  • To evaluate their role in simulation-based education.
  • To assess associated costs and supporting evidence.

Main Methods:

  • PubMed literature search using "Cleft AND Simulation" and related terms.
  • Inclusion of English language articles published up to May 1, 2019.
  • Classification of simulators based on a proposed simulation training model.

Main Results:

  • 22 articles were included, describing 16 unique cleft surgery simulators.
  • Simulators included 7 high-fidelity haptic, 5 low-fidelity haptic, and 4 digital types.
  • Costs ranged from free to $300, with 50% of articles focusing solely on descriptive features.

Conclusions:

  • Cleft surgery simulators exhibit considerable diversity in features, purpose, cost, and availability.
  • Limited scientific evidence currently supports the utility of many simulators.
  • Future research should focus on multi-institutional collaboration to validate simulator efficacy and develop standardized assessment tools.