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A Polyaniline-based Sensor of Nucleic Acids
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Advances in functional nucleic acid based paper sensors.

Rudi Liu1, Erin M McConnell, Jiuxing Li

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8S 4K1, Canada. liying@mcmaster.ca.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|January 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) enhance paper-based sensors for affordable point-of-care testing (POCT). This review covers FNA advantages, sensor types, signal reporting, and future directions for accessible diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Portable sensing devices, particularly paper-based sensors, offer affordable and accessible point-of-care testing (POCT) solutions, especially for low-resource settings.
  • Functional nucleic acids (FNAs), such as DNA aptamers and DNAzymes, are versatile recognition elements that can be selected to bind specific targets.
  • The integration of FNAs into paper sensor platforms enhances their specificity and sensitivity for various analytical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advantages of using FNAs as recognition elements in paper sensor design.
  • To discuss different types of FNA-based paper sensors, including dot blots, lateral flow assays, and microfluidic paper-based analytical devices.
  • To summarize advancements in signal reporting methods and identify limitations and future research directions for FNA-based paper sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on functional nucleic acids (FNAs) and their application in paper-based sensing platforms.
  • Analysis of different FNA-based paper sensor formats: dot blots, lateral flow assays, and microfluidic paper-based analytical devices.
  • Summary of signal reporting strategies and discussion of current limitations and future prospects in the field.

Main Results:

  • FNAs offer significant advantages as recognition elements due to their specificity and ease of selection.
  • Three main types of FNA-based paper sensors (dot blots, lateral flow assays, microfluidic devices) have been developed, each with unique characteristics.
  • Progress has been made in signal reporting methods, but challenges remain in optimizing sensitivity, stability, and multiplexing capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • FNA-based paper sensors represent a promising platform for developing low-cost, portable diagnostic tools.
  • Further research is needed to address limitations in signal amplification, long-term stability, and integration with portable readout devices.
  • The continued development of FNA-based paper sensors holds significant potential for improving global health accessibility through advanced diagnostics.