Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lewis Acids and Bases02:33

Lewis Acids and Bases

47.7K
In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) occurs when one of the atoms in the bond provides both bonding electrons. For example, a coordinate covalent bond occurs when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion to form a hydronium ion. A coordinate covalent bond also results when...
47.7K
Lewis Acids and Bases02:16

Lewis Acids and Bases

16.2K
This lesson delves into Lewis acids and bases in the context of the octet rule for electron-deficient compounds. Here, the concept is discussed, emphasizing the group 13 elements like boron or aluminium. Since group 13 elements possess three valence electrons, they form trivalent compounds with a sextet of electrons and a vacant orbital for the central atom. Consequently, these electron-deficient compounds accept electrons from other species to complete their octet in a chemical reaction. They...
16.2K
Alkyl Halides02:45

Alkyl Halides

19.4K
Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
19.4K
Molecular Structure and Acidity02:34

Molecular Structure and Acidity

19.8K
An acid can be deprotonated to form a conjugate base or an anion. If the produced anion is more stable, then the acid is stronger. On the contrary, if the anion is unstable, then the acid is weaker. Hence, to determine the acidity of the compound, the stability of its conjugate base is studied using various factors.
The size effect explains the change in atomic size on acidity. When comparing the acids formed from elements that belong to the same column in the periodic table, their atomic sizes...
19.8K
Acid Strength and Molecular Structure03:05

Acid Strength and Molecular Structure

32.6K
Binary Acids and Bases
In the absence of any leveling effect, the acid strength of binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals (A) increases as the H-A bond strength decreases down a group in the periodic table. For group 17, the order of increasing acidity is HF < HCl < HBr < HI. Likewise, for group 16, the order of increasing acid strength is H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te. Across a row in the periodic table, the acid strength of binary hydrogen compounds increases with increasing...
32.6K
Polyprotic Acids03:38

Polyprotic Acids

31.5K
Acids are classified by the number of protons per molecule that they can give up in a reaction. Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and HCN that contain one ionizable hydrogen atom in each molecule are called monoprotic acids. Their reactions with water are:
31.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Self-Complementary Dimers Based on Zwitterionic Halogen Bond Donors.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Ortho-Carborane-Derived Halogen-Bonded Sandwich Complexes.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Halogen Bonding in Solution: Under Pressure.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Asymmetric Counteranion-Directed Halogen Bonding Catalysis.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Ortho-Carborane-Derived Halogen Bonding Organocatalysts.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Evaluating the halogen bonding strength of a iodoloisoxazolium(III) salt.

Beilstein journal of organic chemistry·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

69.5K

Is There a Single Ideal Parameter for Halogen-Bonding-Based Lewis Acidity?

Elric Engelage1, Dominik Reinhard1, Stefan M Huber1

  • 1Organische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|January 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a new computational parameter, Ωσ*, to accurately predict halogen-bonding strength. This parameter improves upon the σ-hole depth for understanding Lewis acidity in various chemical applications.

Keywords:
Lewis acidsbond energydensity functional calculationshalogen bondingiodine

More Related Videos

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
07:49

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: February 20, 2020

9.8K
Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides
11:00

Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides

Published on: June 24, 2013

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 30, 2025

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

69.5K
Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
07:49

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: February 20, 2020

9.8K
Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides
11:00

Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides

Published on: June 24, 2013

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Computational Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Chemical Bonding

Background:

  • Halogen-bond donors are increasingly utilized across various chemical disciplines.
  • Accurate prediction of halogen-bonding strength (Lewis acidity) is crucial for designing new materials and reactions.
  • Existing methods for predicting halogen-bonding strength often lack reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a reliable parameter from a single DFT calculation for quantifying halogen-bonding strength.
  • To benchmark various DFT methods against high-level computational data for accuracy.
  • To develop an improved predictive parameter for halogen-bonding interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Benchmarking of multiple DFT (Density Functional Theory) methods against CCSD(T) CBS (Coupled Cluster Singles Doubles with Perturbation theory, Complete Basis Set) binding data.
  • Evaluation of the static σ-hole depth as a predictive parameter for halogen-bonding strength.
  • Development and validation of a new parameter, Ωσ*, derived from σ-hole depth and σ*(C-I) energy.

Main Results:

  • M05-2X with a def2-TZVP(D) basis set was identified as the optimal DFT model chemistry.
  • Static σ-hole depth showed limitations in accurately predicting halogen-bonding strengths for diverse compounds.
  • The novel Ωσ* parameter demonstrated excellent performance in predicting halogen-bonding strengths across various donor types.

Conclusions:

  • The Ωσ* parameter offers a significant improvement for predicting halogen-bonding strength compared to static σ-hole depth.
  • This new computational descriptor facilitates more accurate assessments of Lewis acidity in halogen-bond donors.
  • The findings provide a valuable tool for computational chemistry and the rational design of halogen-bonding systems.