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[Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter survey]

Ji-Yong Zhang1, Shao-Ming Zhou, Shao-Hua Wang

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518017, China. zymdoctor2006@126.com.

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
|January 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Early introduction of solids before 4 months, maternal food allergies, and prenatal antibiotic use increase infant cow

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common food allergy in infants.
  • Identifying risk factors for CMPA is crucial for prevention and management strategies.
  • Understanding the interplay of maternal and infant factors can inform early life interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential risk factors associated with the development of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants.
  • To identify protective factors that may reduce the incidence of CMPA.
  • To provide evidence-based insights for pediatricians and parents regarding infant feeding practices.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter study involving 1,829 infants aged 1-12 months.
  • Utilized questionnaire surveys to identify suspected CMPA cases.
  • Confirmed diagnoses through food avoidance and oral food challenge tests, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified a CMPA prevalence of 4.48% (82 out of 1,829 infants).
  • Significant risk factors included maternal food allergy (OR=4.91), antibiotic exposure during pregnancy (OR=3.18), and early complementary food introduction (<4 months, OR=3.55).
  • Exclusive breastfeeding (OR=0.21) and later complementary food introduction (>6 months, OR=0.38) demonstrated protective effects.

Conclusions:

  • Early introduction of complementary foods (before 4 months) is a significant risk factor for CMPA.
  • Maternal history of food allergy and antibiotic exposure during pregnancy are associated with increased CMPA risk.
  • Promoting exclusive breastfeeding and delaying complementary feeding may help prevent CMPA in infants.
Abstract

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