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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

Behavioural pattern separation is strongly associated with familiarity-based decisions.

Ágnes Szőllősi^1,2, Dorottya Bencze^1,2, Mihály Racsmány^1,2

¹Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.

Memory (Hove, England)

|January 21, 2020

Summary

This study investigated pattern separation, a memory process crucial for distinguishing similar information. Findings suggest familiarity, not recollection, underpins behavioral pattern separation performance.

Keywords:

Recognition memory confidence familiarity pattern separation receiver operating characteristic

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychology

Background:

Pattern separation minimizes interference between similar memory representations.
It is hypothesized to be linked to hippocampus-dependent recollection.
The Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) is used to assess behavioral pattern separation.

Purpose of the Study:

To test the hypothesis that pattern separation relies on recollection.
To investigate the role of familiarity versus recollection in behavioral pattern separation.

Main Methods:

Utilized the incidental Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) with targets, lures, and foils.
Collected old/similar/new decisions and confidence ratings (Experiment 1).
Administered recognition confidence judgments (Experiment 2) and Remember/Know/Guess judgments (Experiment 3).

Main Results:

Confidence ratings were higher for targets than lures in correct responses (Experiment 1).
Target-lure discrimination showed a symmetrical ROC curve and linear zROC curve (Experiment 2).
A bias towards 'Know' responses was observed for lures, indicating familiarity (Experiment 3).

Conclusions:

Behavioral pattern separation performance appears to be driven by familiarity.
The findings challenge the notion that pattern separation is primarily associated with recollection.